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Depletion: What the Fisherman Say
 
Where Have All the Pelagics Gone?
 

The following interviews have been done with fishermen in Mexico and in the US. The fishermen that have been out working in the seas for the last 20 to 30 years are often seeing a completely different ocean than are the scientists and administrators of the NMFS and the eight Regional Fish Counsels that control the US fisheries, the Department of PESCA and the INP (Instituto National de PESCA) that control fisheries and fisheries science in Mexico. The fish management and science in both countries are and have been controlled by those favoring commercial interests. The Highly Migratory Species Advisory Subpanel now considering longlines in California has 13 members 9 are from the commercial fishing Industry.

The people who fish daily in the ocean know when sealife disappears. They are constantly using their eyes for life signs in the ocean to tell where the fish are. When those life signs disappear it is the fishermen, not the scientists who know it first. In the last 25 years the scientists and fish managers have continually got it wrong. We have to put more faith in the emperical data that our fishermen are giving us and take back what's left of our ocean resources from those that will continue the destructive fish
management policies of the past.

The American "interviews" are a little different than those of the Mexican fishermen in that we are also going to present the ideas of several of America's most well known undersea photographers and film makers, Marty Snyderman and Howard Hall, both legends of underwater film. Of course, the observations of fishermen who have seen their livelihoods decline over the last two decades are included, as the large commercial interests have stripped the Pacific Ocean of its bounty. When we're done, we'll have proved just how the issues faced by the Sea of Cortes influence things far beyond its boundaries.



Pete Groesbeck

Captain Pete Groesbeck

Q: What is your fishing background?
A: I've been fishing the waters from San Diego to Cabo since 1970. I'm a full time captain and have fished those waters about 6 months a year every year.

Q: What type of fish do you usually target?
A: We primarily fish billfish and swordfish.

Q: What changes have you seen in the pelagic fisheries off the coast of California and Mexico since you started fishing?
A: About 1980 we caught 350 marlin in 31 days off Cabo. In the early 1980s you could catch all the marlin and pelagic threshers you wanted within 10 miles of Cabo. It was more or less the same in California. In 1978, during the two-month California marlin season, we caught 35 marlin and 7 swords sports fishing. Our best year was 1981, when we caught 78 marlin in California. Before the gillnets came, there were blue shark everywhere, now 17 years later there are no blue sharks.

Q: What is the percentage change in the various pelagics during the last 15 years in the areas you fish?
A: Stripped marlin are down 50-60% in both Mexico and Southern California and blue shark are down about 95%.

   
  Tony Berkowitz

Q: What is your name and age?
A: Tony Berkowitz, 47.

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?
A: I am a charter operator and captain based in Cabo San Lucas since 1985, so my observations on the charter industry come first hand.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?
A: I’ve averaged 120 days per year in the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Cortes.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?
A: I own my own boat, but I have also fished yachts as a guest captain or deck hand.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?
A: Yes, I’ve made entries on the logs of various vessels.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?
A: Striped Marlin – 50 to 60%

Blue Marlin (Mexico) – 50%

Yellowfin tuna – 40% and smaller sizes

Blue sharks – 40 to 50%

Mako sharks – 60% and smaller average sizes

Thresher sharks – 50%

Yellowtail – 25%

Dorado – 60%

Sailfish (Mexico) – 50%

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?
A: Yes, from 155 pound averages to a 120 pound average.

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?
A: Yes, from 120 pound averages to 90 pounds.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?
A: At one point in ‘86-’87, charter boats averaged a striped marlin catch of over three fish per eight hour charter. The 2001 season average is estimated at less than one striped marlin capture per eight hour charter. Size, quantity and duration of durado catches have decreased rapidly and substantially since 1993. Durado species have been heavily impacted in the past six years in the traditionally high catch season from September to December. Fishing near shore at Cabo San Lucas, the season has been reduced to only several high catch days. The decline coincides with the arrival of near shore trawlers an shrimpers.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.
A: Fifteen years ago the distance was less than 10 miles from port. Now, the average is 23 plus miles out.

Q: How often do you catch a billfish with an old hook in it? Are those hooks sports hooks or longline hooks?
A: Catch one per five hundred casts with a hook. Half are sport hooks and half from longliners.

   

Terry Maas
Terry Maas

Q: What is your name and age?
A: Terry Maas, 56.

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?
A: I have been freediving for 42 years and I have won four national championships, hold three world records for tuna. I have also written two books and produced three videos on diving.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?
A: I have been diving in southern California for 35 years, on average about twenty times a year. I have also been diving 15 to 20 days a year for 35 years in Mexico.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?
A: Both.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?
A: No.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?
A: Yellowfin tuna - 60 to 70% in numbers; 30% in size

Blue sharks (Ca.) - 99% in numbers

Yellowtail - 50% in numbers in California

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?
A: When I started spearfishing San Benedicto seventeen years ago, I would see schools of small, five to ten pound, yellowfin that numbered in the thousands. Seventeen years ago, two hundred pound yellowfin were common; now they are rare. Wahoo have dramatically declined, about 75% in numbers and about 40% in size. Sharks are declining and now I see many with hooks in their mouths.

   
  Richard Hoffman

Q: What is your name and age?
A: Richard Hoffman, 47.

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?
A: I have sportsfished from California waters to Panama for the last 23 years.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?
A: In California about 90 days a year, about three to six months a year on the Baja, mainland Mexico, from Mazatlan to Alcapolco, about one to six months a year and from Costa Rica to Panama about 4 to 9 months a year, on alternate years to best catch the seasons of fishing at each place.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?
A: I am a professional sportsfishing boat captain

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?
A: Yes.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?
A: Striped Marlin – 75%

Blue Marlin (Mexico) – 60%

Yellowfin tuna – 60%

Mako sharks – 40%

Yellowtail – 20%

Dorado – 40%

Sailfish (Mexico) – 30%

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?
A: In 1960 and 1970 we traveled 15 miles to the Coronado Islands. Now we have to travel 60 to 100 miles to San Clemente Island and the Cortes banks to find the same fish to fifteen miles further out.

   

Ron Mullins
Ron Mullins

Q: What is your name and age?
A: Ron Mullins, 46.

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?
A: I was born into a diving family, so I have been diving the Sea of Cortes and surrounding waters since I was a small boy.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?
A: I have mostly dived California and the Baja and I dive approximately fifty days a year.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?
A: I usually dive from others’ boats.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?
A: Seldom

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?
A: Blue sharks (Ca.) - dramatic decreases in numbers

Yellowtail - in California I see a lot of yellowtail, however, I don’t the large ones (over 40 pounds) as often as I used to.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?
A: When I started spearfishing San Benedicto seventeen years ago, I would see schools of small, five to ten pound, yellowfin that numbered in the thousands. Seventeen years ago, two hundred pound yellowfin were common; now they are rare. Wahoo have dramatically declined, about 75% in numbers and about 40% in size. Sharks are declining and now I see many with hooks in their mouths.

   
  Captain David Purcell

Q: What is your name and age?
A: David Purcell.

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?
A: I have been a yacht captain in Cabo San Lucas for 10 years.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly?
A: Mostly in Cabo San Lucas.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?
A: Someone else’s.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?
A: Not lately.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?
A: Striped Marlin - 25%

Blue Marlin (Mexico) - 50%, this is a big problem and has to change

Yellowfin tuna - 25% or greater

Blue sharks - 80% in California

Mako sharks - 60% in California

Yellowtail - 40%

Dorado - 25%

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?
A: Seems to be about the same.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?
A: There are more boats. Today’s fishing seems to be very hi-tech and catching fish has become an exact science.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.
A: Not really, we know where they will be, just by reading the water.

Q: How often do you catch a billfish with an old hook in it? Are those hooks sports hooks or longline hooks?
A: We see two out of 100 blue marlin.

   

Ron Mullins
Jim Mabry

Q: What is your name and age?
A: Jim Mabry, 61.

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?
A: I was a deckhand on a sportsfishing boat in 1956 and ’57. I have been diving off California, Mexico and Hawaii for the last 45 years. I was a commercial abalone diver for four years.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?
A: I have been diving the California channel islands and the southern California three or four time a month for the last 45 years.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?
A: Both. I have two boats.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?
A: No.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?
A: Blue sharks (Ca.) - 50% in California channel islands

Thresher sharks - 75% in California channel islands

Yellowtail - 20% in California

   
  Steve Murphy

Q: What is your name and age?
A: Steve Murphy

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?
A: I’ve been fishing my whole life.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?
A: . Twenty years in southern California and almost 20 years around the Baja.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?
A: Both

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?
A: Yes.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?
A: Striped Marlin - 50%

Blue Marlin (Mexico) - 40%

Yellowfin tuna - 20%

Blue sharks - 20%

Mako sharks - 70%

Thresher sharks - 20%

Yellowtail - 40%

Dorado - 50%

Sailfish (Mexico) - 40%

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?
A: We used to catch a lot more fish, period. The problem in Mexico is that there is no law enforcement of the regulations on all types of commercial fishing.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.
A: In the old days never more than 20 miles, today it’s 30 miles, plus.

Q: How often do you catch a billfish with an old hook in it? Are those hooks sports hooks or longline hooks?
A: Mostly longiline, every once in a while.

   

Robert Caruso
Robert Caruso

Q: What is your name and age?
A: Robert Caruso.

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?
A: I have been diving since 1954 and in California since 1961.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?
A: I have spent most of my diving time in southern California waters, including the Coronado Islands, San Clemente and the Catalina and Cortes banks.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?
A: I have used my own boat since 1990.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?
A: No.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?
A: Yellowfin tuna - 50 to 60% drop in numbers and size

Blue sharks - 60% drop

Yellowtail - drop in quantity and size of 60 to 70%

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?
A: In 1960 and 1970 we traveled 15 miles to the Coronado Islands. Now we have to travel 60 to 100 miles to San Clemente Island and the Cortes banks to find the same fish.

   
  Dave Elm

Q: What is your name and age?
A: Dave Elm

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?
A: I have been fishing the Southern California bight since the early 70's, after years as a commercial swordfish harpooner.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?
A: I fish the Southern California bight now 30 to 50 days, but during the 80's it was 100-150 days.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?
A: Both

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?
A: Yes.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?
A: Striped marlin - It seems about 50% less since the mid-80's.

Yellowfin tuna - 50 to 60% drop in numbers and size

Blue, mako and tresher sharks - Fallen 90%. We would see literally hundreds of sharks while looking for swordfish, now we see just a few.

Yellowtail - 25% less and not as many at the Islands as before.

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?
A: No.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?
A: There just isn't the quantity of life there used to be. In the past, there more mature and larger sharks. Now, all we see are young pups. The quantity of marlin is nowhere near what it used to be. The amount of fish in the Southern California bight just isn't there anymore. The reason for these decreases is simple and there are just two of them: drift gillnets and longlines.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.
A: No, because there just aren't as many fish to travel to. It doesn't matter how far out you go, they just don't exist.

   
  Carl Robbins

Q: What is your name and age?
A: Carl Robbins

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?
A: Recreational fishing aside I've become a knowledgeable source of information through my employment history. Point Loma Sportfishing employed me while in high school. I worked for the California Dept. of Fish and Game while in college. After college, I worked for the National Marine Fisheries Service and the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission. Presently, I am a program manager for the U.S. Navy and am responsible for the Naval Meteorological and Oceanographic Tactical Systems.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?
A: I fish both fresh and saltwater, based on the season and availability of gamefish. In the spring, I usually fish the lakes, although I do go fishing for rockfish and halibut in the ocean. Should there be an early show of yellowtail, then I'll go fishing for them. Summers see a shift to saltwater and depending on the conditions I will fish for albacore, yellowfin, bonita and mackerel. When extremely lucky, I'll fuss around with the occasional broadbill sailfish. Fall is almost exclusively marlin and tuna fishing. Generally, the winter months do not offer many fishing opportunities locally, so I will often fish the waters of Mexico. Again, I have been at it for over 40 years, my logbook suggests that, on average, since 1980, I fish 68 days a year. Of those, 40 are spent on the ocean, most categorized as "off-shore."

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?
A: Both

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?
A: Yes.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000).
A: Striped marlin - Overall there has been a noticable decline in the number of "stripers." Having visited the fish markets Tokyo and seen the huge numbers of stripers processed each day, I have to believe that commercial longline fishing pressure is partially, and maybe mostly, to blame for the decline. Southern California may be experiencing declines in striper numbers from other factors, such as environmental and climatological. San Diego Marlin Club records that striper populations do vary naturally and did so prior to the extensive use of drift nets and longlines. However, I believe that we are experiencing an overall decline beyond just natural population variations. My guess, and that is all it is, is that there are about 30-60% fewer stripers entering our waters, as the historical averages suggest.

Blue marlin - There are insignificant numbers in Southern California. As for Cabo San Lucas, where I do fish for blue marlin, it is difficult to say since for many years sportsmen just were not armed with the proper tackle to take large numbers of blue marlin. My guess is that there were more blue marlin 20 years ago, however, my guess is that there are more blue marlin caught today than in the past mostly due to tackle and fishing technique improvements.

Yellowfin tuna - Twenty years ago I really don't remember significant numbers of yellowfin tuna in the catches, it was mostly albacore. I believe that climtatological changes have caused the number of yellowfin to actually increase in our waters. Ditto for bigeye. I believe that such changes also resulted in the presence of the giant bluefin that arrived two summers in the last twenty.

Blue sharks - Certainly fewer now than twenty years ago, this is especially true for hammerhead sharks. The presence of hammerhead sharks used to be our signal that we were where the marlin were and the number of hammerhead sharks is insignificant these days.

Mako sharks - About the same today as there were twenty years ago, however, the average size has dramatically decreased. This is a terrible indication of the health of the fishery as it says that the young are taken before they become sexually mature. I expect to see a near collapse of this shark's presence off our coast. I've never fished for makos and contend that no one should. However, for those compelled to keep these animals, a minimum size should be set to at least 150 pounds. The animals are not sexually mature until they are at or above 100 pounds.

Yellowtail - Fewer and smaller is the way I'd categorize the shift in Yellowtail numbers over the past 20 years. During the summer of 1973 I was the weight master at Point Loma Sportsfishing for the annul Yellowtail Derby, which extended over a 3-month period. It would be difficult for me to guess how many thirty pound yellowtail I would refuse to weigh for the customers as it would have taken too long given the number of 35 to 40 pound fish that required weight slips...

Dorado - Along with the increased numbers of yellowfin we've seen over the last 15 years, dorado counts on average have increased. Dorado seem to have much more variations year to year and it seems that the average size was smaller last year than in past years, but that may just be a function of my personal experience and not the overall trend.

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?
A: Certainly, although there are "fatties" that still enter our fishery off of Southern California. As a rule, I'd say that we've gone from an average of 150 pound fish to 115 pound fish. They school as they once did the size is smaller.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.
A: Personally, I probably travel farther now, but not necessarily because of the fish, but because I have the resources to travel farther. I fish the local banks the same today as I did years ago. Honestly, I believe that the 'disappearance" of albacore and bluefin tuna in and around Catalina is more a function of the water quality than anything else.

   
  Jeff Kingsley

Q: What is your name?
A: Keff Kingsley

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I have fished the Southern California waters for over 20 years. I have been fishing the East Cape in Mexico for 13 years, usually in spring or early summer.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?
A: I fish either the offshore banks or the islands off Southern California twenty plus days a year. I also fish in the "East Cape" of the Baja for billfish one week a year.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: My own and on charters in Mexico.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: Recently, yes, historically, no.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Striped marlin - 60% down

Blue Marlin - 50% less

Yellowfin tuna - 30% down

Blue sharks - 60% less

Maco sharks - 50% less

Thresher sharks - 50% less

Yellowtail - 20% down

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?

A: The fish I have caught are about 50 pounds smaller.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: Not really quantifiable, but I remember getting many more strikes in years past, especially sharks.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.

A: I mainly fish outside of Catalina Island today. In years past, I would fish closer to shore and at the inner banks with success.

Burleigh Brewer

Q: What is your name?

A: Burleigh Brewer

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I began fishing Southern California waters as a boy in 1951 and I have fished these area regularly since then. I am a member of the Tuna Club of Avalon.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?

A: In addition to what I said above, I have also regularly fish in the Mexican waters from La Paz to Cabo San Lucas and the mainland areas from Mazatlan to Manzanillo. I average approximately 45 days per year fishing in these waters.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: I currently do not own a boat, but in the past I have owned several boats, varying in size from a 16' outboard to a 33' sportfisher.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: I began keeping a fishing log about two years ago.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Striped marlin - the decrease varies from year to year in Southern California, but I would estimate a drop of 20 to 30% and a 30% to 40% drop in Mexico where I have fished.

Yellowfin tuna - overall decrease on average of 30 to 40%, but in some years, there is an increase in offshore areas

Blue sharks - there appears to be a substantial decrease in numbers

Yellowtail - substantial decreases in coastal areas generally, but some areas still produce substantial numbers, but not with the regularity I experienced in the 1950's and 1960's.

Dorado - an increase during El Nino and La Nina cycles in Souther California and a 50% to 60% decrease in the Mexican waters I have fished.

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?

A: Yes, they are substantially smaller.

Q: What about the average size of sailfish caught in the last 15 years?

A: In the Mexican waters the average sailfish size has dropped substantially during that period. Most sailfish I have seen or hooked and released seem to be in the fifty to seventy pound range, while in earlier years the average size was closer to 90 to 100 pounds. Unfortunately, in several recent trips to the Manzanillo area the landings and tourist fishing guides continue to kill and hang for photos any size sailfish. I guess the only offset is that the landings claim the fish are filleted and eaten.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: Earlier fishing in the local area produced substantially larger striped marlin and substantial catches of albacore. In Mexico there were substantially greater numbers of all the pelagic fish to be found on a regular basis. Now, it is much harder to find adequate quantities of bait, whether anchovies, sardines or makerel and I believe this is the direct result of overfishing the bait resources and indiscriminant removal of larger fish through gill netting and longline hooking.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.

A: Absolutely. In the 50's and 60's I caught albacore, tuna, marlin and yellowtail in a number of local Southern Californian areas less than twenty miles off shore from the San Clemente flats, Laguna kelp beds, 14-Mile Bank, Horseshoe Kelp, Rocky Point and Santa Monica Bay. Now, those fish are seldom found in local waters and one must travel to the Channel Islands, outer banks and south of the Mexican border to locate these fish in any numbers.

Charlie Johnson

Q: What is your name?

A: Charlie Johnson

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I've fished for 50 years, everthing from bass to broadbill. I've fished in a number of countries around the world.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?

A: I have fished for thirty years in California, about 30 days a year.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: My own.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: No.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Striped marlin - 90% down

Yellowfin tuna - 50% down

Blue sharks - 99% less

Maco sharks - 50% down

Tresher sharks - 50% down

Yellowtail - about the same

Dorado - depends on El Nino years

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?

A: The average size of striped marlin has fallen from one hundred and fifty pounds to a hundred and twenty-five pounds

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: Fishing has decreased because of longlines and gill netters.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.

A: No. I still fish the same areas.

Dean Plant

Q: What is your name?

A: Dean Plant

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I have been fishing Southern California's offshore waters since the early 70's. I have been in the saltwater tackle retail business since 1975.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?

A: I fish the waters of Southern California, the Baja and mainland Mexico. I have been fishing these waters since the early 80's. I currently fish about 50 days a year.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: I fish with clients.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: No.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Striped marlin - 50% less

Yellowfin tuna - varies yearly

Blue sharks - 90% down

Maco sharks - 60% down

Tresher sharks - 65% fewer

Yellowtail - varies yearly, but there seems to be a lot of smaller fish

Dorado - varies yearly

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?

A: I believe the average size has decreased from about 150 pounds down to the 100-125 pound range.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: Fishing in the Southern California bight has changed substantially during over the past years. During the early to mid-80's there were several areas one could target to find striped marlin. It was never a problem to "find your own fish." Recently, it seems we are fishing in a tighter fleet. The technology has also changed with the times. Navigation aids, like Loran C and GPS, and other things, like satellite sea temperature imagery and sonar, have all improved our fish finding ability. Yet, our catch numbers are constantly on the decline. The shark population has definitely decreased. Trolling ten years ago we would hook two to three mako sharks daily. When looking for kelps or tailers, we would spot several hundred blue sharks. Now, we are lucky to see one or two a day. The number of yellowfin tuna change from year to year. As we are the northern end of their migration, during the warmer water years the yellowfin tuna fishing can be excellent.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.

A: In past years we had great fishing for marlin and tuna as close as fourteen miles off the beach. Now we find ourselves fishing areas twenty, sixty and ninety miles from port.

Michael Moulton, M.D.

Q: What is your name?

A: A. Michael Moulton, M.D.

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I have been fishing off Southern California since 1957. I am currently President of the Avalon Tuna Club, past president of the Huntington Harbor Anglers, past secretary of the International Light Tackle Tournament Assoc. I have fished world-wide for all types of species of fish.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?

A: Although I fished on the east and southern coasts of the U.S., currently most of my fishing is done off the coast of Southern California. I have fished this area for approximately 45 years. I fish approximately 30 to 40 days a year.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: I own and operate a forty foot sportfisher.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: I have never kept a log.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Striped marlin - 40 to 50% drop

Yellowfin tuna - 15% to 20%

Blue sharks - 15% down

Maco sharks - 40% drop

Tresher sharks - 50% to 75% drop

Yellowtail - down 25%

Dorado - 25% drop

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?

A: Yes, it is very evident.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: Going back and forth to Catalina or San Clemente Island twenty years ago, blue sharks were plentiful, mako sharks and thresher sharks were also easily caught and released. Twenty years ago, the Horseshoe Kelp, San Clemente Kelp beds and other kelp beds up and down the coast were extremely productive. Since the ban on gill nets inside the 3-mile area, halibut have increased tremendously. Commercial fishing without regard to size, bycatch, etc., I feel, had a great impact on the local fishery. Longliners have negatively impacted marlin off Mexico, which indirectly affects the fisheries off our coast.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.

A: I used to fish 3 to 10 miles off the coast fifteen to twenty years ago for yellowtail, dorado, barracuda and all other types of small game fish. Larger game fish were found twenty to twenty five miles offshore. Now we must travel to San Clemente Island or down into Mexican waters to all types of game fish.

Doug Wright

Q: What is your name?

A: Doug Wright

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I have been fishing 35 years.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: Sometimes

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Striped marlin - 50% drop

Yellowfin tuna - 50% increase

Blue sharks - 99% drop

Maco sharks - 90% drop

Tresher sharks - 80% drop

Greg Stotesbury

Q: What is your name?

A: Greg Stotesbury

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I have 35 years of saltwater fishing experience, thirty years as a private boat owner with hundreds of trips offshore and to Mexico

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?

A: I fish 50 to 100 days a year and have for the past 25 to 30 years.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: I have a 25' skipjack F.B.S.F. and 16' CC. I frequently fish on other private boats from 18 to 50 feet.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: I have kept a detailed journal for the past ten years and records of trips going back twenty years.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Striped marlin - major declines in numbers for the last ten years, now must run offshore to find

Yellowfin tuna - no noticable decline in yellowfins, but very few bigeye tuna in last fifteen years

Blue sharks - 80% to 90% decline

Maco sharks - 50% to 70% decline and very few large fish

Tresher sharks - 50% less inshore, 90% offshore and fish are smaller

Yellowtail - no significant change, although possibly fewer fish at the Islands

Dorado - no change, maybe even more fish some years with warm water

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?

A: Size seems to have remained stable.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: By far the most noticeable decline is in the pelagic sharks - mako, blue and thresher. We used to see dozens of blue and maco every day on the waters offshore. Now we see few, if any. Drift gillnets and offshore longlines have decimated the sharks. Marlin fishing has been very poor now for over ten years. We get occasional good shows in very tight areas, but not the wide spread bites we used to get in 70's and 80's. Drift gillnet bycatch and longliners are to blame.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.

A: Definitely - we spend all of our time offshore and very little on the beach. No more show of bigeye, marlin or threshers anywhere but offshore at Clemente , Santa Cruz or the outer banks.

Frank Adler

Q: What is your name?

A: Frank Adler

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I have been fishing for 38 years.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?

A: I have spent about fifty days a year fishing in Southern California and Mexico for the last 38 years.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: I operate my own boat.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: No.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Striped marlin - 50% to 70% down

Blue marlin - 50% to 70% down

Yellowfin tuna - 10% to 20% down

Blue sharks - 50% to 70% down

Maco sharks - 50% to 70% down

Tresher sharks - 50% to 70% down

Yellowtail - 20% to 30% down

Dorado - 20% to 30% down

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?

A: Yes, they are smaller.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: Fishing stocks have decreased because of pollution and over harvesting.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.

A: Yes and it is harder to find them further out.

Steve Behrens

Q: What is your name?

A: Steve Behrens

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I have been fishing off of the Southern California coast and Mexico for the thirty years.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?

A: I fish in the Southern California waters probably 30 days a year and, on average, about eight days a year in Mexican waters.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: I operate my own boat.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: No.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Striped marlin - 50% less in California, Baja seems about the same

Blue marlin - about the same in Mexico

Yellowfin tuna - about 25% more in California waters

Blue sharks - 50% less in California waters

Maco sharks - have maybe 30% more in Californian waters in last two years

Tresher sharks - 50% less in California waters

Yellowtail - 30% less

Dorado - 30% more

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?

A: Neither striped marlin or sailfish seem to have changed.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: I just remember how there were so many broadbill caught twenty years ago. The bigeye would show up off the east end. Marlin seemed to be more plentiful. There were just generally more jig strikes. I remember the fish count twenty years ago with the boat catch being over 200. Last year it was 50?

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.

A: I feel we are still fishing in all the same areas we were twenty years ago.

Jim Willis

Q: What is your name?

A: Jim Willis

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I have been a recreational fisherman for about 40 years and pretty serious for about the last fifteen years.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?

A: Mostly offshore Southern California and the northern Baja. I have spent considerable time in the last 12 years in the Mulege area of the Sea of Cortes. I fish about 30 to 50 days per year.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: I have currently have a 26 foot boat now and have been a boat owner for 15 years.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: No.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Yellowfin tuna - 20% down

Blue sharks - 25% down

Maco sharks - 25% down

Tresher sharks - 25% down

Yellowtail - 25% down

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: Fishing has decreased because of sea lions, commercial fishing by people who ignore laws and limits, temperature variations, the rapid increase in sport fishing and boat ownership, increased populations in Northern Mexico and Southern California and bait variations, i.e. anchovies are no longer abundent.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.

A: Most fish are out past the islands of San Clemente and Catalina, as well as, below the border off Ensenada. We used to be able to catch yellowtail, yellowfin and albacore in mass on the inner banks.

Bill Shedd

Q: What is your name?

A: Bill Shedd

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I fished swordfish by harpoon in early 1970's, so I can compare what I saw then versus now.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?

A: I have fished since 1970 for about six to ten days a year in the Southern California bight.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: I fish on others' boats.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: No.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Blue sharks - a 90% decline. I now see less than 10% of the blue sharks I saw in the mid-1970's. Blue sharks have been impacted in a huge way.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: I am responding to blue sharks here because this change is so drastic and obvious. In the early 1970's I would see several hundred blue sharks a day, almost every day. During the last 10 to 15 years, looking at the same water, I might see 2 or 3 on a good day. The fact is that the blue sharks are gone. I believed that the high seas squid drift gill nets did major damage to the blue sharks prior to the fishery being eliminated. Local drift gillnets and Hawaiian longliners have contributed to the blue shark demise.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.

A: As far as blue sharks are concerned, it does not matter how far you travel in the Southern California bight, you will not find them in our local waters in anywhere near the numbers you found them in the 1970's and before.

Bill Byler

Q: What is your name?

A: Bill Byler

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I am a sportsfisherman, boat owner who fishes within a 100 miles of the local coast, a multi-day fisherman on sportsboats from San Diego, a long-range fisherman and a Baja California fisherman.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?

A: For thirty years I have been tuna fishing from San Diego for about 10 to 15 days a year. For twenty five years I have taken two or three trips to the Baja for seven days each trip. I also go on two trips of four to six days each year and one long-range trip of sixteen days.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: Both

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: No.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Yellowfin tuna - it seems cyclical to me

Blue sharks - rarely see them anymore on the tuna grounds, less than 5% of what it was

Yellowtail - fishing is a shadow of what it was in the 60's, but fairly level for teh last twenty years

Dorado - no change

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: With the early 80's as a baseline: albacore dropped to less than 5% through the late ninties, then returned to normal. High seas drift nets were the cause. Blue sharks were a pest on the tuna grounds 15 to 20 years ago and are now rarely seen, although I don't know why. Yellowtail fishing out of San Diego between the 50's and early 70's was spectacular and now is at best only 10% of the past.

Robert W. Hetzler

Q: What is your name?

A: Robert W. Hetzler

Q: What is your fishing/diving background? What makes you a knowledgeable source of information?

A: I have a B.S. in Zoology and did graduate work at the Scripps Institute of Oceanography. I worked for five years as a scientist for Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission and then retired after thirty-one years at Star-Kist Foods, Inc. I was Director of UASC for five years and for the past seven years, President of the Harbour Ocean Preservation Enhancement. I have fished aboard my own boat for the last thirty one years. I am currently a member of the Tuna Club of Avalon, Harbour Rod and Reel Club and the Huntington Harbour Anglers.

Q: Where do you fish/dive mostly and how long have you been fishing/diving in the waters you are talking about? How many days each year and for how many years?

A: I have fished mainly from the Channel Islands to below Ensenada and as far out as ninety miles for the past thirty one years. I fish an average of 30 to 40 days a year. I have made a fishing trip from Huntington Beach to Cabo San Lucas, fishing all areas south, as well as, at least one trip a year over the last six years to the East Cape area of the Sea of Cortes.

Q: Do you operate your own boat or fish someone else’s?

A: I own my own boat but also fish with other anglers on their boats.

Q: Do you keep a journal or log of your fishing trips?

A: No.

Q: What percentage (%) change have you seen in the numbers of the following pelagic fish in the area you fish in the past 15-20 years (1980-2000)?

A: Striped marlin - A drop of more than 50%, especially in the last ten years. Fish are found in smaller areas during the season

Yellowfin tuna - no major changes, but changes from one season to the next

Blue sharks - big drop of numbers of sharks observed, down by over 50%

Maco sharks - drop in incidental catch by 40%

Tresher sharks - big drop in incidental catch, especially in last ten years

Yellowtail - no major changes, but changes from one year to the next

Dorado - no change, but varies by years

Q: Has the average size of Striped Marlin caught changed in the last 15 years?

A: Yes - very seldom are fish in excess of 200 pounds caught and none over 300 pounds. Also number of smaller fish under 125 pounds seems to be increasing.

Q: Give as many examples as you can of how fishing used to 15-20 years ago versus how it is today. Try to quantify these examples as much as possible. We are most interested in the pelagics mentioned above. Why have they decreased?

A: Good quantities of marlin were found in many different areas fifteen years ago. A lot more blind strikes would occur when traveling from one area to another. Also a lot more feeders, jumpers and sleepers were observed. Now one must work closely with other vessels to find the fish. Running to and from Catalina or the other islands, as well as, during fishing, we would see many (15 to 25) surface swimming blue sharks. If I see one a season now it is unusual.

Q: Do you have to travel further today to get fish than 15 -20 years ago? Explain where you used to go and where you have to go now.

A: No, the marlin still show on the same grounds as in the past, the only difference now is that instead of boats catching them at serveral different fishing areas on any one day, they tend to be only in one area on any given day. The number and availability of marlin is definitely down today versus 15 or more years ago.












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